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Pentecost 2024

FIRE is an amazing entity. It is something that can be both a benefit, but also a danger. The heat produced by an open fire, or a log-burning stove, provides warmth and comfort. The candles in church give light and form a focus for our prayers. However, we must always take care with fire, as it is a powerful force. The disciples are described as receiving the power of the Holy Spirit through what looked like ‘divided tongues of fire’ ‘tafodau fel o dân’ (Acts 2:3).

Before his Ascension, Christ tells His disciples to wait in Jerusalem so that they may be baptized in the Holy Spirit. The twelve have again gathered in the Upper Room, along with the Blessed Virgin Mary. This is the same place where Christ instituted the Eucharist, and washed His disciples’ feet. They have gathered here because Jesus told them to be together, and to pray, saying:

 ‘you shall receive power when the Holy Spirit has come upon you; and you shall be my witnesses … to the end of the earth’ 

‘Ond fe dderbyniwch nerth wedi’r Ysbryd Glân ddod arnoch, a byddwch yn dystion i mi … a hyd eithaf y ddaear’ (Acts 1:8). 

Our Lord promises to pour out the Holy Spirit to strengthen and inspire the Church. God is generous, and wants to see humanity flourish. An amazing event then takes place. Everyone present is filled with the Holy Spirit. Tongues of fire rest upon them, and they speak in a variety of languages. Strengthened by God’s Spirit the disciples go out to preach. In Jerusalem there are people from all over the Mediterranean World, gathered for the Jewish festival of Shavuot, the celebration of the wheat harvest. These people are amazed to hear the mighty works of God spoken in their own languages. Not only that, those speaking are not the educated elite but a rag-tag assortment of Galilean fishermen and other ordinary men. They hear and understand the proclamation of who Jesus is, and what He has done. 

Through the power of God, the Good News is pronounced. Men who were afraid, hiding behind locked doors, have become confident, and will go out to share the Gospel around the world. Their miraculous transformation has, in turn, transformed the world, resulting in billions of Christians. We are here in church today because of the power of the Holy Spirit.

This is why St Paul can write to the Church in Galatia as a community that has experienced the indwelling of the Holy Spirit. The apostle describes what it means to be filled with the Holy Spirit:

‘But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, self-control’ 

‘Ond ffrwyth yr Ysbryd yw cariad, llawenydd, tangnefedd, goddefgarwch, caredigrwydd, daioni, ffyddlondeb, addfwynder, hunanddisgyblaeth.’ (Gal 5:22-23)

Paul is describing how we are all supposed to be as Christians. Living by the Spirit is an ideal, which we often fail to live up to, but, nonetheless, it shows us how God wants us to live. Here is a glimpse of life in all its fulness: life in union with God, and with each other. This is perfect communion, something to strive for, even if we may struggle to attain it. This is how we can live when we allow God to be in control, and when our human will is perfectly aligned with the Father’s will for us. Living by the Spirit is what human flourishing looks like in practice.

At a number of points in John’s Gospel, Jesus speaks about the Holy Spirit to His disciples. Our Lord tells His followers that the Spirit will bear witness, confirming the truth of their faith, and will strengthen them for service: living and sharing the Good News. Jesus promises: 

‘When the Spirit of truth comes, he will give you into all truth’

‘Ond pan ddaw ef, Ysbryd y Gwirionedd, fe’ch arwain chwi yn yr holl wirionedd’ (Jn 16:13)

We have come together today to celebrate God’s love and generosity in continuing to send His Holy Spirit. 

God is glorified in worship, which is why we sing His praises. Worship does not change God, it changes us: making us more loving, uniting us with our creator who sustains us with His love. Christians all around the world are united with the worship of Heaven, where the saints and angels sing the praises of God, Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. Through the power of the Holy Spirit, and nourished by Word and Sacrament, we are given a foretaste of the joy which awaits us.

So, my brothers and sisters in Christ, let us pray earnestly for the gift of the Spirit. May God fill us with His love and equip us to proclaim the Good News of the Kingdom. May the fire of the Holy Spirit embolden us to encourage others to come to know, and love, God the Father, God the Son, and God the Holy Spirit. To whom be ascribed all, glory, dominion, and power, now and forever. Amen.

Maronite Icon of Pentecost

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Easter IV – The Good Shepherd

Living in Pembrokeshire, many of us know people who keep sheep. We are also aware of how difficult it has been for them, and all farmers, in the recent months with fields waterlogged due to unprecedented levels of rainfall. Sheep farming is a vital part of our rural life and so the image of Jesus as the Good Shepherd is something we find easy to identify with, unlike those who live in large cities.

Shepherds played an important part in Jesus’ life. Angels told them about the birth and they came down from the hills to worship Him in  the stable in Bethlehem. Not wishing to leave their animals behind, Nativity scenes depict the shepherds bringing sheep to the manger. This may be why Our Lord has an affinity with those who look after sheep and care for them. Jesus describes himself as the Good Shepherd, the one who lays down His life for His sheep. Christ dies so that we may have eternal life in Him. This model of self-sacrificial love lies at the heart of the Christian faith, and because of it, we are able to live the new life of Easter.

Jesus says, ‘I am the Good Shepherd’ ‘Myfi yw’r bugail da’ (Jn 10:11). This is straightforward: He cares for His flock. But then He says, ‘The good shepherd lays down his life for the sheep.’ ‘Y mae’r bugail da yn rhoi ei einioes dros y defaid’ (Jn 10:11). This goes above and beyond what we would expect of a shepherd, even a very good one! Jesus is using the image of the Good Shepherd to explain what will happen on Good Friday. He will suffer and die to protect us, His flock. 

Protect us from what? From Sin and Death. By dying for us, and rising from the dead, Jesus offers humanity freedom in Him. The Christian faith offers salvation, through faith. As St Peter puts it in this morning’s reading from the Acts of the Apostles: 

‘And there is salvation in no one else, for there is no other name under heaven given among men by which we must be saved.’

‘Ac nid oes iachawdwriaeth yn neb arall, oblegid nid oes enw arall dan y nef, wedi ei roi i’r ddynolryw, y mae’n rhaid i ni gael ein hachub drwyddo.’ (Acts 4:12)

Jesus offers what no-one else can: salvation and eternal life to those who believe in Him, and follow Him. Eccentric American millionaires employ bizarre methods in an attempt to defy the ageing process, but they are still going to die. Each and every human being is. That is the fate of all living things. But, because of who Christ is — namely true God and true man — and what He has done on the Cross and at the empty tomb, death is no longer something to be feared. Instead, it can be embraced, as the entry to eternal life, with God, forever. 

This way of looking at life and death is profoundly different from the world around us, because Christians are not bound by the primal human fear that our life is finite. Our Lord has opened to us the gates of Heaven, and shown us once and for all that God loves us.

At the heart of our faith as Christians is the profound conviction that we are people who are loved by God. As Archbishop Michael Ramsay said, ‘God is Christlike, and in him is no un-Christlikeness at all’ [God, Christ & the World: A Study in Contemporary Theology, London 1969, p.98]. When we see Jesus, we see God; when we hear Him speak, we hear the voice of God. We can know who God is, the Creator and Redeemer of the universe, through His Son, Jesus Christ. God is not a distant bearded man on a cloud. He is a loving Father, as illustrated in the Parable of the Prodigal Son. He loves us so much that He suffers and dies for us, to give us life in Him. This is the God who searches for lost sheep; who longs to love, restore, and reconcile; who can heal our wounds if we let Him. This is abundant life, offered to us by Our Lord, the Good Shepherd.

This life, this love is offered to us in the Eucharist, where we can touch and taste God’s profound love for us. In the bread and the wine we are given a foretaste of the heavenly banquet and a pledge of eternal life in Christ. Here today, as on a hundred thousand successive Sundays, we meet to be fed by Christ, and fed with Christ. To be healed, and to know His love. We are the sheep cared for by the Good Shepherd, who provides for all our needs. Who gives Himself so that we might have life.

So my brothers and sisters in Christ, as we continue to rejoice In Our Lord’s triumph over death, may we emulate His example and live the new life of Easter. Following Our Good Shepherd, who longs for us to be safe with Him forever in Heaven, let us share the Good News of His Kingdom with others. Let us pray that that all may come to know and love God the Father, God the Son, and God the Holy Spirit. To whom be ascribed all, glory, dominion, and power, now and forever. Amen.

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Good Friday 2024

The Practice of Crucifixion as a punishment was designed to be both as painful and as shameful as possible. Public torture was dressed up as execution, with the condemned having to struggle for each breath, before finally succumbing to asphyxiation. People could potentially hang there for days until exhaustion took its toll. It is possibly the most horrific and gruesome means to end a human life devised by humanity. A public crucifixion is also one of the central moments of the Christian Faith. This is how much God loves us. Jesus willingly undergoes a shameful death, and acts of brutal torture, for our sake. 

There are two Old Testament texts which are key to understanding this Good Friday Service. The first is Psalm 22, whose opening words are spoken by Jesus before He dies: ‘Fy Nuw, fy Nuw pam yr wyt wedi fy ngadael’ ‘My God, My God, why hast thou forsaken me’ (in Hebrew Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani). The second is the passage from Isaiah Chapters 52 and 53 which was today’s first reading. In Isaiah we see all of Christ’s suffering and death both foretold, and interpreted:

‘he bore the sin of many’ ‘with his stripes we are healed’ ‘He was oppressed, and he was afflicted, yet he opened not his mouth; like a lamb that is lead to the slaughter, and like a sheep that before its shearers is dumb, so he opened not his mouth.’ ‘he makes himself an offering for sin’. (Isa 53:12, 5, 7, 10)

The meaning is clear. The wounds of human sin, which cry out for healing, are healed in Christ. Such is God’s love for us. What disobedience has destroyed, love restores. Here we see the glory of God. In willingly accepting His death on the Cross, Our Lord fulfils Isaiah’s prophecy — the suffering servant is the Messiah, the Christ, God’s anointed. At the time when the Passover lambs are slaughtered in the Temple, Christ, as both priest and victim, offers himself upon the Altar of the Cross as the true lamb to take away the sins of the whole world. When Jesus dies the veil of the Temple is torn in two — the barrier between heaven and earth is taken away, and God is reconciled to humanity. This sacred drama takes place on a hill outside Jerusalem, close to where Abraham attempted to sacrifice Isaac.  Then a ram was sacrificed in the boy’s place, but now God sends His Son to die for us.

Two people are present at Calvary as witnesses. These are Mary, Jesus’ Mother, and John, the Beloved disciple. Thirty-three years before this day, the Archangel Gabriel announced to Mary that she would bear the Son of God. Now she stands at the foot of the Cross to see her beloved Son suffer and die. Simeon had once told her that a sword would pierce her soul, and now that prophecy comes true. But before He dies, Jesus does something wonderful:

‘When Jesus saw his mother and the disciple whom he loved standing nearby, he said to his mother, “Woman, behold, your son!” Then he said to the disciple, “Behold, your mother!” And from that hour the disciple took her to his own home.’ 

‘Pan welodd Iesu ei fam, felly, a’r disgybl yr oedd yn ei garu yn sefyll yn ei hymyl, meddai wrth ei fam, “Wraig, dyma dy fab di.” Yna dywedodd wrth y disgybl, “Dyma dy fam di.” Ac o’r awr honno, cymerodd y disgybl hi i mewn i’w gartref.’ (Jn 19:26-27)

Here we see a new family being formed. One not based on ties of blood, but of love. This is what the Church is, a family of love, and it starts here, at the foot of the Cross, where Christ, our great High Priest, offers Himself as both priest and victim. The Christian Church begins with three people on a hill outside Jerusalem. One of these three is about to die, condemned as a blasphemer and trouble-maker. Despite this less-than auspicious beginning we are gathered here today, nearly twenty centuries later. Christ’s Church starts as a failure in worldly terms. However it is a divine institution: it isn’t supposed to make sense in human terms. The Church’s mission is to draw us into the mystery of God’s love. Today we see that love made real in Jesus. This is love we can touch and taste, on the Cross, and in the Sacrament of the Altar. 

Let every one of us, today and every day, cling to the Cross, and find there all the grace we need. Let us rejoice that we have been redeemed at so great a cost. Let us glory in the Cross of our Lord Jesus Christ. He is our salvation, our life, and our resurrection, through whom each and every one of us is saved and set free. Amen

Diego Velazquez – Christ Crucified (Museo del Prado, Madrid)
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Maundy Thursday 2024

To those of us living in cold northern climes, the idea of foot-washing is strange. However, if we lived in the Middle East it would not be. In hot and dusty parts of the world, if you wear sandals, your feet will get hot, tired, and dirty. In the time of Jesus, to wash a visitor’s feet was a sign of hospitality, and was usually something done by a servant. For a host or householder to do the foot-washing themselves was a sign both of humility and the importance of those being welcomed. Tonight Christ washes our feet. We are all guests at the Lord’s Supper, where Jesus institutes the Eucharist on the night before He suffers and dies.

St Paul’s First Letter to the Corinthians (our Second Reading tonight) was written about twenty years after Christ’s Death and Resurrection. This is the earliest account we possess of what happened on this night. Paul describes how Our Lord blesses bread and wine and feeds his followers. Jesus also explains what He is doing, saying, ‘This is my Body … This is my Blood’ ‘hwn yw fy nghorff … hwn yw fy ngwaed’. These words are repeated whenever the Eucharist is celebrated because Our Lord told us to ‘Do this’ ‘gwnewch hyn’, and so we do. We are fed by Christ, fed with Christ, both to proclaim His Death, but also to share His New Life. This is no ordinary meal, but rather a proclamation of God’s saving work.

At the Last Supper Jesus takes on the role of a servant, the Teacher washes His disciples’ feet, and feeds them with Himself. These acts of humility and generosity, help to bring the Christian Church into being. It starts here, tonight. This is why the Church commemorates it every year, both to remind us where we have come from, and where we are going. This is the Wedding Banquet of the Lamb, the Heavenly Feast of the Kingdom to which all people are invited. 

God (through me) washes our feet, kneeling on the floor, and wipes them with a towel. This is something that is both humble and utterly wonderful. Jesus gives us an example of loving service: this is what the Church is supposed to be. Those in positions of Christian leadership are called to be shepherds in the service of God’s people. Likewise, as Christ’s followers, we are all called to serve each other. As Jesus said:

‘If I then, your Lord and Teacher, have washed your feet, you also ought to wash one another’s feet. For I have given you an example, that you also should do just as I have done to you.’

‘Os wyf fi, felly, a minnau’n Arglwydd ac yn Athro, wedi golchi eich traed chwi, fe ddylech chwithau hefyd olchi traed eich gilydd. Yr wyf wedi rhoi esiampl i chwi; yr ydych chwithau i wneud fel yr wyf fi wedi ei wneud i chwi. ’ (Jn 13:14-15)

We follow Christ’s example. In the same way we celebrate the Eucharist because Christ told us to ‘do this’ ‘gwnewch hyn’ and so Christians have for nearly two thousand years, and we will continue to do so until Our Lord comes again. This is more than sacred drama. We are not simply spectators watching a reenactment, we are active participants in the mysteries themselves! The Eucharist, which Jesus instituted this evening, means a number of things. Firstly, the Eucharist is our thanksgiving to God for who Christ is, and what He does. Secondly, the Eucharist is an act of obedience: Our Lord told His disciples to ‘do this’, and so, for two thousand years the Church has obeyed His command. Thirdly, the Eucharist is a mystery that makes present the Body and Blood of Christ, which suffered and died for us on Calvary. As Christ fed His disciples, so He feeds us too. Tonight’s Eucharist is just as real as the first one, in the Upper Room, and each and every one ever since. That is why Christians celebrate this evening. On the night before He suffered and died for us, Jesus took bread and wine, gave thanks to God, and gave them to His disciples, telling them to do this in remembrance of Him.

God gives Himself to us as nourishment. God gives Himself to us, so that we might have life in Him. The role of the Church is to carry on the offering of the Son to the Father, to make it present across space and time. That is why we are here, tonight, gathered as disciples of Our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ. As Christians we are to be people of love. It is love that makes us Christians. God’s love for us: a love which sees Our Lord offer Himself, to take away our sins, to heal our wounds, and restore us to God’s loving embrace. 

So my brothers and sisters in Christ, let us come to the Lord, and be washed. Let us feed on the heavenly banquet, which strengthens us. And let us to sing the praises of God the Father, God the Son, and God the Holy Spirit. To whom be ascribed, all majesty, glory, dominion, and power, now and forever. Amen.

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Lent V: Sir, we want to see Jesus!

THERE are some texts in the Bible which just stick in your head. The Gospel today contains one of them: ‘Sir, we wish to see Jesus’ ‘Syr, fe hoffem weld Iesu’ (Jn 12:21). It is a text often placed on pulpits to remind preachers of their primary task. This sounds simple enough, but, at one level, when I hear these words they remind me of my own shortcomings. Have other people seen Jesus in what I say and do? We are our own harshest critics in this regard — it is far easier to see our own faults and failings, than what God might be doing through us. 

In today’s Gospel we are in Jerusalem. It is just before the Passover, the most important religious festival, commemorating the journey from slavery in Egypt to the Promised Land. There are some Greeks, who may or may not be Jewish converts, that approach Philip, who has a Greek name. He, along with Simon Peter and Andrew, was first a disciple of John the Baptist, before following Jesus. These Greeks ask Philip a simple question:

“Sir, we wish to see Jesus.”

‘Syr, fe hoffem weld Iesu’ (Jn 12:21)

These Greeks are well-disposed and interested, and they desire an encounter with Our Lord. At a fundamental level human beings long for communion with the Divine. It is what we are made for. So the disciples tell Jesus, who makes the following reply:

“The hour has come for the Son of Man to be glorified. Truly, truly, I say to you, unless a grain of wheat falls into the earth and dies, it remains alone; but if it dies, it bears much fruit. Whoever loves his life loses it, and whoever hates his life in this world will keep it for eternal life. If anyone serves me, he must follow me; and where I am, there will my servant be also. If anyone serves me, the Father will honour him.”

‘Daeth yr awr y gogonedder Mab y dyn. Yn wir, yn wir, meddaf i chwi, Oni syrth y gronyn gwenith i’r ddaear, a marw, hwnnw a erys yn unig: eithr os bydd efe marw, efe a ddwg ffrwyth lawer. Yr hwn sydd yn caru ei einioes, a’i cyll hi; a’r hwn sydd yn casáu ei einioes yn y byd hwn, a’i ceidw hi i fywyd tragwyddol. Os gwasanaetha neb fi, dilyned fi: a lle yr wyf fi, yno y bydd fy ngweinidog hefyd: ac os gwasanaetha neb fi, y Tad a’i hanrhydedda ef’ (Jn 12:23-26)

This is a strange response: Our Lord doesn’t say, ‘Of course, bring them here’, or ‘I’d be delighted to meet them’. Instead He starts talking about His forthcoming Death. Jesus does so by using an image from the Parable of the Sower to make the point that life comes through death, freedom through service. These are paradoxes, the exact opposite of what one might expect Him to say, and yet they are true. Christ then experiences something of a moment of doubt, at which point God the Fathers speaks of future glory, and then Our Lord goes back to talking about His death:

“Now is the judgement of this world; now will the ruler of this world be cast out. And I, when I am lifted up from the earth, will draw all people to myself.”

‘Yn awr y mae barn y byd hwn: yn awr y bwrir allan dywysog y byd hwn. A minnau, os dyrchefir fi oddi ar y ddaear, a dynnaf bawb ataf fy hun.’ (Jn 12:31-32)

Because of Jesus’ Death and Resurrection, the Church, Christ’s Body exists to save people and to offer eternal life through Him. God shows the world the fullness of glory, the most profound expression of self-giving love in the events of His Passion. This is why we celebrate it: week by week and year by year. We prepare ourselves during Lent to walk with Christ to Calvary and beyond. We see how much God loves us, how much God gives himself for us. This message of salvation comes to us from the prophets. God makes His intentions clear:

“Behold, the days are coming, declares the Lord, when I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel and the house of Judah,”

‘Wele y dyddiau yn dyfod, medd yr Arglwydd, y gwnaf gyfamod newydd â thŷ Israel, ac â thŷ Jwda’ (Jer 31:31)

God renews the covenant with humanity, writing it on our hearts, forgiving us our iniquities. The Law of Love, which God makes real in Jesus Christ has genuine transformative power, because it is rooted in forgiveness and healing, something which only God can provide. Our loving Father does this on the Cross, where He gives His Son to die for us, to heal our wounds, and to offer eternal salvation to all who believe in Him. This is God’s glory, the glorification of His Son, dying the death of a slave, to save humanity and free us. If we want to share in Christ’s glory, then we need to follow the same path of suffering love which takes Him to His Cross, and will take us to ours.

To follow Christ means embracing the Cross as the mystery of God’s love. If we let God’s love transform us, then wonderful things can happen. There will be pain and suffering along the way, but this is far outweighed by the promise of future glory. So then, as we continue our journey through Lent our journey to the Cross and beyond to the empty tomb of Easter, let us lose our lives in love and service of him who died for us, who bore our sins, who shows us how to live most fully, to be close to God, and filled with his love. Let us encourage one another, strengthen one another, and help each other to live lives which proclaim the truth of God’s saving love. To offer the world the hope of Heaven, where we may sing the praises of God the Father, God the Son, and God the Holy Spirit. To whom be ascribed all glory, dominion, and power, now and forever. Amen.

James Tissot : The Gentiles Ask to See Jesus  (Brooklyn Museum)
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Lent IV

IF you have ever been unwell while on holiday you probably sought out a Pharmacy. They are quite straightforward to locate as they tend to either have a cross on their sign, or a snake or two around a pole. This was the symbol of the Greek God of healing Aesculapius whose major shrine was at Epidaurus. Christians tend to associate the snake with the tempting of Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden, but it is not this creature’s only occurrence in the Bible. 

This morning’s Gospel begins with Jesus explaining His forthcoming Crucifixion with a reference to Israel’s wanderings after the Exodus:

‘And the Lord said to Moses, “Make a fiery serpent and set it on a pole, and everyone who is bitten, when he sees it, shall live.” So Moses made a bronze serpent and set it on a pole. And if a serpent bit anyone, he would look at the bronze serpent and live.’ 

‘A dywedodd yr Arglwydd wrth Moses, Gwna i ti sarff danllyd, a gosod ar drostan: a phawb a frather, ac a edrycho ar honno, fydd byw. A gwnaeth Moses sarff bres, ac a’i gosododd ar drostan: yna os brathai sarff ŵr, ac edrych ohono ef ar y sarff bres, byw fyddai.’ (Numbers 21:8-9)

The people of Israel had been complaining about the journey, the lack of food and water, and that God has led them out into the desert to die, so God sent fiery serpents which killed them. The people then relented, and asked Moses to pray to God to take the serpents away. God listened to Moses, and provided a means for Israel to be saved. Jesus uses this example to explain why the Son of Man must be lifted up. Just as the bronze serpent saved people long ago, Jesus’ being lifted up on the Cross will save those who believe in Him. Our Lord’s death will occur at Passover, the festival which celebrates the people of Israel’s journey from slavery in Egypt, to the Promised Land. So Christ will deliver humanity from the slavery of sin and offer us eternal life in Him. He bears our burden, and reconciles us to the Father, and each other.

There then follows one of the most well-known verses in the Bible:

“For God so loved the world, that he gave his only Son, that whoever believes in him should not perish but have eternal life. For God did not send his Son into the world to condemn the world, but in order that the world might be saved through him.”

‘Canys felly y carodd Duw y byd fel y rhoddodd efe ei unig‐anedig Fab, fel na choller pwy bynnag a gredo ynddo ef, ond caffael ohono fywyd tragwyddol. Oblegid ni ddanfonodd Duw ei Fab i’r byd i ddamnio’r byd, ond fel yr achubid y byd trwyddo ef.’ (Jn 3:16-17) 

This is the heart of our faith as Christians. Christ was born for us, lived and died for us, and was raised to new life, so that we might have the promise of eternal life in Him. This is why we follow Christ into the desert of Lent for forty days, so that through prayer, fasting and charity we may be prepared in body and soul to celebrate the mystery of Christ’s Passion, Death, and Resurrection. Maundy Thursday, Good Friday and Easter are the ultimate embodiment of God’s generous Love towards humanity. God loves us, you and me, each one of us, so much that He gave His only Son to die for us, on the Cross.

God does not condemn humanity for falling short, instead He saves us. God is a God of love and generosity, who offers Himself to reconcile us to Him, and to each other. This generosity is at the heart of our faith as Christians. We worship a generous, loving God, and invite others to receive the free gift of God’s grace, and enter a relationship with the God who made us and who loves us. 

This relationship explains the joyful hope which St Paul has when he writes to the Church in Ephesus in our second reading this morning. Paul’s central message is that:

‘For by grace you have been saved through faith. And this is not your own doing; it is the gift of God,’ 

‘Canys trwy ras yr ydych yn gadwedig, trwy ffydd; a hynny nid ohonoch eich hunain: rhodd Duw ydyw’ (Eph 2:8)

Grace is unmerited kindness, something which we do not deserve, or earn. It is by the grace of God that we are saved, through faith, believing and trusting in Jesus Christ, who was born for us, died and rose again for us. We can put our trust in the God who loves us, and who shows us that love in His Son. It is not about what we can do, but about what God can do for us. Our relationship with God is the result of a gift, which we can accept and which can change our lives, if we only let go, and let God transform us, more and more into the likeness of His Son. 

Through prayer, the reading and study of scripture, living out our faith, and the sacraments of the Church, God brings about the work of transformation in us. As He gave Himself on the Cross for us, He gives us Himself in the Eucharist. During Communion we are fed with the Body and Blood of Christ, God’s very self, so that we can become what He is. Prepared by Lenten penitence we may look forward to sharing the new life of Easter, and singing the praises of God the Father, God the Son, and God the Holy Spirit. To whom be ascribed all glory, dominion, and power, now and forever. Amen.

Diego Velázquez – Christ Crucified (Museo del Prado, Madrid)
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Lent III – Cleansing the Temple

One of the truths about humanity is that we are amazingly good at doing the wrong thing. Corruption and greed beset us, and religious organisations are no exception. We need to be vigilant, constantly on our guard, lest we fall into the scandalous behaviour typified by the traders and money-changers in this morning’s Gospel. 

The Temple in Jerusalem remains to this day the most important place in the world for Jews. At its centre was the Holy of Holies which contained the Ark of the Covenant. Inside the Ark were the two tablets containing the Ten Commandments, some of the manna from the desert, and Aaron’s staff. That is why, to this day, Jews continue to pray at the Western Wall in Jerusalem. This is all that remains of the Temple after its destruction by the Romans in ad 70. At the time of Jesus, Passover was the busiest time of year in Jerusalem. As the central festival of Judaism, Passover marks the journey from slavery in Egypt to the freedom of the Promised Land, Israel. 

In our first reading this morning from the Book of Exodus, God gives the law to Moses on Mount Sinai in the desert. It describes both how to honour God, and how humanity should live. Our duty towards God and our neighbour is clearly shown. When Moses receives the Ten Commandments from God, the first is:

‘I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of slavery; you shall have no other gods before me.’

‘Myfi yw yr Arglwydd dy Dduw, yr hwn a’th ddug di allan o wlad yr Aifft, o dŷ y caethiwed. Na fydded i ti dduwiau eraill ger fy mron i’ (Exod 20:2-3)

The temple traders, in their desire to profit from people’s religious observance, have broken this first and most important commandment. Their desire for making money and profit has got in the way of what the Temple is supposed to be about: namely, worshipping God. It has become a racket, a money-making scheme to fleece pilgrims who have come from far away and who do not have the right money or the correct sacrificial animals with them. This is no way to worship God, a God who loves us, and who showed that love by delivering Israel from slavery in Egypt, and who will deliver humanity by His Son.

Our Lord is doing the right thing, cleansing the Temple from those who use religion as an opportunity to grow rich through the piety of others. What started as something good has become corrupt, and needs to be reformed. God is not honoured when He is used as an opportunity for people to get rich. The Temple is supposed to be a house of prayer for all the nations (Isaiah 56:7 & Mark 11:7), but the Court of the Gentiles has been filled with stalls for money-changers and animal-sellers. By clearing them out Jesus has made room for the pilgrims, and upset the religious establishment, something which will eventually lead to His Death, at Passover, which we celebrate on Good Friday. He will be crucified and die at the time when the Passover lambs are being slaughtered in the Temple. This is a sacrifice which will not need to be repeated, as Jesus will die once, for the sins of the whole world.

The Jews ask Jesus, 

“What sign do you show us for doing these things?”

‘Pa arwydd yr wyt ti yn ei ddangos i ni, gan dy fod yn gwneuthur y pethau hyn?’ (Jn 2:18)

Our Lord makes a cryptic reply:

“Destroy this temple, and in three days I will raise it up.” 

‘Dinistriwch y deml hon, ac mewn tridiau y cyfodaf hi.’ (Jn 2:19)

His audience cannot understand what Jesus means. It took almost fifty years to build the Temple after the return from Babylon. The idea of destroying it and rebuilding it in three days is crazy. However, Christ is talking about His own Death and Resurrection. Once this has happened, the disciples can understand what Our Lord meant, but currently they do not. They are confused by this inspiring, miracle-working rabbi, who keeps talking about His own Death and Resurrection. 

For those of us who have the benefit of two thousand years of tradition behind us, Jesus makes perfect sense. Christ mentions His Death and Resurrection so often because it is the most important moment in human history. Nothing else really matters compared to these few days around Passover. They are the core of our faith, the reason for our hope, and the greatest demonstration of love the world has ever seen.

Our Lord is the True Temple, the place where God dwells, His presence among the people of Israel. He is the Lamb of God, who takes away the sins of the world (Jn 1:28). As both Priest and Victim He will offer the sacrifice which restores humanity’s relationship with God and each other. The Jews demand a sign, and Christ prophesies that if they destroy this temple then he will raise it up in three days. He looks to His death and resurrection to show them where true worship lies — in the person of Jesus Christ. Jesus said, ‘I have come not to abolish the law and the prophets but to fulfil them’ ‘Peidiwch â thybio i mi ddod i ddileu’r Gyfraith na’r proffwydi; ni ddeuthum i ddileu ond i gyflawni’ (Matthew 5:17). The Ten Commandments are not abolished by Christ, or set aside, but rather His proclamation of the Kingdom and Repentance show us that we still need to live the Law of Moses out in our lives: to show that we honour God and live our lives accordingly. In His cleansing of the Temple, Christ looks to the Cross and to the Resurrection, as the way that God will restore our relationship with Him. The Cross is a stumbling-block to Jews, who are obsessed with the worship of the Temple, and it is foolishness to Gentiles who cannot believe that God could display such weakness, such powerlessness. Instead the Cross, the supreme demonstration of God’s love for us, shocking and scandalous though it is, is a demonstration of the utter, complete, self-giving love of God. Here, love and mercy are offered to heal each and every one of us. Here we are restored. 

It is a shock to learn that God loves us enough to do this, to suffer dreadfully and die for us, to save us from our sins. We do not deserve this generosity, and that is the point. Through Christ we are offered the opportunity to become something other and greater than we are. By putting away the ways of the world, of power and money, selfishness and sin, we can have new life in and through Him.

As we continue our Lenten pilgrimage, may we cleanse the temples of our hearts, and ask God for forgiveness. Let us prepare to celebrate with joy the Paschal feast, freed from sin. Let us rejoice in Our Lord’s victory on the Cross and in His Resurrection, which has opened to us the gates of everlasting life. Where we hope to sing the praises of God the Father, God the Son, and God the Holy Spirit. To whom be ascribed all glory, dominion, and power, now and forever. Amen.

El Greco – Christ driving the traders from the Temple [National Gallery, London]
Posted on by atfurse

The Twenty-second Sunday of Year A

The vocation to be a prophet is not an easy one. Prophets are tasked with telling people the plain, unvarnished truth about God. Their words can be quite unpalatable. Most, if not all, of us would much rather not hear hard truths. Therefore it comes as no surprise that in our first reading this morning, the prophet Jeremiah is feeling rejected and miserable. He has been prophesying the destruction of Jerusalem by the Babylonians, but, because this has not yet happened, he is seen as a fraud. Jeremiah starts to doubt God, and yet there is a burning fire within himself to call God’s people to repentance. However, when he announces this he is mocked. Jeremiah feels let down. 

Last week we read Peter’s declaration that Jesus is the Messiah, the Son of God. Following on from this, Jesus tells His disciples what must happen to Him:

He must go to Jerusalem and suffer many things from the elders and chief priests and scribes, and be killed, and on the third day be raised. (Mt 16:21)

Jesus’ words must have come as something of a shock to the disciples. This isn’t what is supposed to happen to the Messiah, so Peter takes Jesus to one side and tells Him off! Peter cannot understand what needs to happen. He has forgotten prophecies like Isaiah 53 which tell of the Suffering Servant. Peter cannot take it in — he does not want Jesus’ prophetic words to take place. This is a very human response. We also don’t want such appalling things to happen. Then it is Peter’s turn to be told off. Jesus says to him:

“Get behind me, Satan! You are a hindrance to me. For you are not setting your mind on the things of God, but on the things of man.” (Mt 16:23)

In just a couple of verses Peter has gone from being the rock upon which the church will be built, to being Satan, the deceiver, the devil, and a stumbling block. Peter has run the whole length of the spectrum, from getting things right to getting them totally wrong. There are no half-measures with Simon Peter. He jumps in with both feet. He may be right or wrong, but he is certainly committed, and through this commitment Jesus sees Peter as a leader. But the disciples’ inability to understand what Jesus is saying has led him to try and oppose the will of God. Peter, the Rock, has become a stumbling-block, an obstacle, something to trip over. Peter can only see things in human terms, but God has something else in store. The Cross is inevitable for the simple reason that God loves us that much. However, the Cross is not just for Christ. It is for each and every one of as Christians: we are called to bear it ourselves.

As believers, we are to take up our Cross and follow Jesus. We should be under no illusion; it isn’t easy to take up the Cross. We cannot do it on our own, we have to do it together, as a community, relying upon God, and loving and forgiving each other. All the power, all the wealth in the world, is worth nothing compared to finding true life in Christ. Worldly things cannot save us, they cannot give us eternal life, they cannot wipe clean our sins. Only Jesus can do this, on the Cross. Only in Christ can we have life — life in its fullness. Only if we lose our old life by following Him, can we find what our human life can truly be.

Thus the Church, in following Jesus, offers a radical alternative to the ways of selfishness and sin, an alternative which has the power to change the world through being conformed to Christ. We can do this together, by living out our faith and encouraging others to do so; by living lives of profound love, something that is difficult, and costly, and wonderful. 

Today, through prayer, through our conversation with God, throughlistening to God, we are nourished by the Word of God, the Bible, to know that God loves us, and will help us to live out that love and forgiveness in our lives. We are also nourished by the sacraments of the Church, by Holy Communion, so that the love which God shows to the world on the Cross continues to be poured out upon us, so that we can be strengthened to live out the life of faith. It is food for our souls, so that we may be built up in love. Let us turn to the Living God, to be fed by Him, fed with Him, to have new life in Him, so that He can continue to transform our human nature and follow His example. Let us take up our Cross, as people ransomed, healed, restored and forgiven by the love of God on the Cross.

In the Letter to the Romans, St Paul describes what love in action looks like. We are guided as to how to put our faith, into practice in our lives: by living out the love and forgiveness which we have received, turning from the ways of the world and following the way of God. The Christian life is sacrificial in that it involves personal sacrifice, and also by uniting ourselves to the sacrifice of Christ. This world cannot save us, only Christ can do that. The ways of the world cannot give us true happiness, or eternal life. Their promises are false. Only Christ, who is the Way, the Truth, and the Life (Jn 14:6) can save us. Only Christ can transform us, and this transformation lies at the heart of the proclamation of the Kingdom. Only by losing our life can we find it.

As Christians we embrace paradox, because God loves us enough to be born as one of us, to proclaim and live out the truth, healing and reconciliation, which He longs to lavish upon us. In Christ, God dies so that we might live. Words cannot express just how earth-shattering and transformative Divine Love is. It is a mystery, in the fullest sense of the word. God’s love and mercy are greater than anything we can know or imagine. We keep making mistakes, but God’s love is unconditional, we cannot earn it, it is freely offered to transform us. Thus, our faith is the work of a lifetime. Day by day God’s grace can perfect our nature, if we are humble enough to let God be at work in us. We pray that God’s grace may transform us so that, in this life and the next, we and all creation may give glory to God the Father, God the Son, and God the Holy Spirit, to who whom be ascribed as is most right and just, all might, majesty, glory, dominion and power, now and forever. Amen.

A 4158